Planet Ark - FEATURE - Bangladesh Faces Climate = Change Refugee Nightmare

From: Subject: Planet Ark - FEATURE - Bangladesh Faces Climate Change Refugee Nightmare Date: Mon, 14 Apr 2008 00:11:49 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C89DC4.22921910" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.3198 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C89DC4.22921910 Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.planetark.com/avantgo/dailynewsstory.cfm?newsid=47943 =EF=BB=BF Planet Ark - FEATURE - Bangladesh Faces Climate = Change Refugee Nightmare

FEATURE - Bangladesh Faces Climate Change Refugee = Nightmare

DHAKA - Abdul Majid has been forced to move 22 times in as many = years, a=20 victim of the annual floods that ravage Bangladesh.

There are millions like Majid, 65, in Bangladesh and in the future = there=20 could be many millions more if scientists' predictions of rising seas = and more=20 intense droughts and storms come true.=20

"Bangladesh is already facing consequences of a sea level rise, = including=20 salinity and unusual height of tidal water," said Mizanur Rahman, a = research=20 fellow with the London-based International Institute for Environmental=20 Development.=20

"In the future, millions of people will lose their land and houses. = Their=20 survival will be threatened," Rahman told Reuters.=20

Experts say a third of Bangladesh's coastline could be flooded if the = sea=20 rises one metre in the next 50 years, creating an additional 20 million=20 Bangladeshis displaced from their homes and farms. This is about the = same as=20 Australia's population.=20

Saline water will creep deeper inland, fouling water supplies and = crops and=20 livestock will also suffer, experts say.=20

Government officials and NGOs estimate about 10 million people are = already=20 threatened by annual floods and storms damaging riverine and coastal = islands.=20

It is unclear how the government could feed, house or find enough = clean water=20 for vast numbers of climate refugees in a country of 140 million people = crammed=20 into an area of 55,500 sq miles (142,080 sq km).=20

"We are taking steps to face the threats of climate change. = Bangladesh needs=20 $4 billion to build embankments, cyclone shelters, roads and other=20 infrastructure in the next 15 years to mitigate the threats," Mohammad = Aminul=20 Islam Bhuiyan, the top bureaucrat in the government's Economic Relations = Division, told Reuters.=20

"These are big challenges and only time will say how efficiently we = address=20 them, including finding accommodation for the displaced millions," he = said.=20

GLOBAL WARMING, NATURAL DISASTERS=20

In a taste of what the future might look like, Bangladesh suffered = two=20 massive floods and a cyclone last year that together killed about 4,500 = people,=20 made at least two million homeless and destroyed 1.8 million tonnes of = rice, the=20 country's main staple.=20

Even without the additional threat of global warming, the country's = future is=20 under pressure from a rising population and shrinking farmland.=20

The country lost a third of its agricultural land to accommodate more = people=20 as the population rose from 75 million in 1971.=20

Bangladesh has been able to increase food grain production to nearly = 30=20 million tonnes from less than half that in the early 1980s because of = better=20 farming practices and high-yielding varieties of rice.=20

But many believe Bangladesh has reached saturation point in producing = grains,=20 while the population is still growing at nearly 2 percent annually.=20

The World Bank thinks Bangladesh should change cultivation practices = to boost=20 food security, plant large areas of forest in flood-prone areas along = rivers and=20 the coast and build embankments.=20

"We are conducting various studies to find options to save future=20 environmental refugees," said Sakil Ahmed Ferdausi, a World Bank = executive in=20 Dhaka.=20

"The environmental refugee situation will turn into a dangerous = problem in=20 the future and the Bangladeshi government may find it difficult to face = the=20 challenge. So we asked donors to help the country," Ziaul Haque Mukta, = of Oxfam=20 International in Dhaka, said.=20

For Majid, the issues are more immediate.=20

He lives on Batikamari island on the Januma river, 300 km (180 miles) = north=20 of Dhaka and fears his remaining days will be spent on the run from the = river,=20 which is constantly creating and retaking land, depending on the season. =

There are millions like him. Some have found temporary shelter, = mostly on=20 other islands in the rivers that emerge when water levels drop during = the=20 summer.=20

Government and non-government organisations (NGOs) are trying to help = Majid=20 and others.=20

Friendship, a Bangladeshi NGO, is providing houses, latrines, capital = for=20 agriculture, pumps for irrigation among the poor people in the river = islands.=20

"Migration rate is very high among the islanders," Runa Khan, = executive=20 director of Friendship, told Reuters. "We have covered 3.5 million = people in=20 Bangladesh's riverine islands but many more are still left."=20

Friendship operates a floating hospital to provide health care to the = islanders. It has treated 600,000 people since 2001.=20

But climate change could wipe out their nomadic lifestyle altogether. =

"Where will all these people go?" asked Mohammad Nurul Islam, a = resident of=20 Cox's Bazar on the shore of the Bay of Bengal.=20

(Writing by Anis Ahmed; editing by David Fogarty and Megan Goldin)=20

Story by Masud Karim

Story Date: 14/4/2008

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=C2=A9 Reuters News Service 2008=20

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Check out Planet Ark on the web at www.planetark.com=20

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